| Indicator | Unit | Year | France | Germany | EU-27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capital | - | 2024 | Paris | Berlin | - |
| Currency | - | 2024 | Euro | Euro | - |
| Land area | km2 | 2023 | 633,886 | 353,296 | 4,103,987 |
| Economy and finance | |||||
| Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices | bn euros | 2022 | 2,639 | 3,877 | 15,905 |
| Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices | per inhabitant PPS | 2022 | 35,490 | 41,347 | 35,425 |
| GDP growth rate | % | 2022 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 3.4 |
| Inflation rate | % | 2023 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.4 |
| General government deficit/surplus | % of GDP | 2022 | -4.8 | -2.5 | -3.3 |
| General government gross debt | % of GDP | 2022 | 111.8 | 66.1 | 83.5 |
| Demography | |||||
| Population | 1,000 | 2023 | 68,071 | 84,359 | 448,388 |
| Population projections | 1,000 | 2100 | 69,652 | 83,202 | 416,074 |
| Total fertility rate | children per woman | 2021 | 1.84 | 1.58 | 1.53 |
| Life expectancy at birth (female) | years | 2022 | 85.2 | - | 83.4 |
| Life expectancy at birth (male) | years | 2022 | 79.4 | - | 78.0 |
| Labour market | |||||
| Employment rate (age 20 to 64) | % | 2022 | 74.0 | 80.7 | 74.6 |
| Employment rate (age 55 to 64) | % | 2022 | 56.9 | 73.3 | 62.3 |
| Unemployment rate (age 20 to 64) | % of active population | 2022 | 6.9 | 3.1 | 6.0 |
| Unemployment rate (age 15 to 24) | % of active population | 2022 | 17.3 | 6.0 | 14.5 |
| Education | |||||
| Pupils per teacher (secondary level) | number | 2021 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 11.1 |
| Early leavers from education (aged 18-24) | % | 2022 | 7.6 | 12.2 | 9.6 |
| Tertiary educational attainment, aged 30-34 (female) | % | 2022 | 52.9 | 40.6 | 48.2 |
| Tertiary educational attainment, aged 30-34 (male) | % | 2022 | 45.3 | 38.1 | 37.4 |
| Public expenditure for education | % of GDP | 2020 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 |
| Public expenditure for R&D | % of GDP | 2022 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
| Health | |||||
| Hospital beds | per 100,000 inhabitants | 2021 | 564.8 | 776.0 | 524.8 |
| Deaths due to cancer | per 100,000 inhabitants | 2020 | 226.6 | 240.3 | 242.2 |
| Healthy life years, age 65 (female) | expected years | 2021 | 12.6 | 11.4 | 9.9 |
| Healthy life years, age 65 (male) | expected years | 2021 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 9.5 |
| Social issues, living conditions | |||||
| People at risk of poverty or social exclusion | persons in mn | 2022 | 13.9 | 17.3 | 95.3 |
| At-risk-of-poverty rate | % of population | 2022 | 15.6 | 14.7 | 16.5 |
| Overburding by housing cost | % of population | 2022 | 6.5 | 11.8 | 8.7 |
| Inability to face unexpected financial expenses | % of households | 2022 | 31.4 | 33.5 | 31.5 |
| Industry, trade and service | |||||
| Industry | % of GDP | 2022 | 13.3 | 24.0 | 20.6 |
| Manufacturing: production index | % change on previous year | 2023 | 0.6 | -0.9 | -1.6 |
| Retail trade: turnover (deflated) | % change on previous year | 2023 | -1.8 | -3.0 | -1.8 |
| Building permits | % change on previous year | 2022 | 2.3 | -7.1 | 2.0 |
| Agriculture, forestry and fisheries | |||||
| Agriculture, forestry and fisheries | % of GDP | 2022 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 1.9 |
| Area under organic farming | % of UAA | 2021 | 9.7 | 9.7 | - |
| Roundwood production | 1,000 m³ | 2022 | - | 78,872 | 509,286 |
| Fishing | tonnes | 2022 | 516,516 | 161,845 | . |
| Foreign trade | |||||
| Exports | mn euros | 2022 | 589,710.2 | 1,593,285.4 | 2,572,130.6 |
| Imports | mn euros | 2022 | 782,853.9 | 1,505,152.9 | 3,006,697.2 |
| Foreign trade balance | mn euros | 2022 | -193,143.7 | 88,132.6 | -434,566.6 |
| Transport | |||||
| Air transport passengers | mn | 2022 | 136.6 | 155.3 | 819.8 |
| Passenger transport | % passenger cars | 2021 | 86.0 | 88.8 | 86.3 |
| Passenger transport | % trains | 2021 | 9.1 | 6.5 | 6.0 |
| Freight transport | % railways | 2021 | 10.6 | 19.0 | 17.0 |
| Environment and energy | |||||
| Greenhouse gas emissions | tonnes of CO2 equivalent per capita | 2021 | 6.2 | 9.4 | 7.9 |
| Greenhouse gas emissions | Index (1990=100) | 2021 | 77.2 | 61.6 | 72.0 |
| Energy dependency rate | % in gross domestic consumption | 2022 | 51.9 | 68.6 | 62.5 |
| Renewable energy | % share in gross final energy consumption | 2022 | 20.3 | 20.8 | 23.0 |
| Science and technology | |||||
| Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | % of GDP | 2022 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
| Share of women researchers | % of total researchers | 2021 | 29.9 | 29.4 | 33.7 |
| Internet use | % of persons (aged 16 to 74) | 2023 | 92.8 | 92.5 | 91.4 |
| Broadband access | % of households | 2021 | 88.1 | 88.8 | 90.2 |
. = Numerical value unknown of confidential. Source: Eurostat |
As at 15 February 2024