Land area |
km2 | 2019 | 77,206 |
GDP, current prices |
bn US$ | 2021 | 282.6 |
GDP per capita, current prices |
US$ | 2021 | 26,411 |
GDP (annual change), constant prices |
% | 2021 | 3.3 |
Inflation (annual change of CPI) |
% | 2021 | 3.8 |
Gross value added: Agriculture |
% of GDP | 2021 | 2.0 |
Gross value added: Industry |
% of GDP | 2021 | 31.2 |
Gross value added: Services |
% of GDP | 2021 | 57.7 |
Population |
1,000 | 2021 | 10,703.4 |
Population, female |
% of total | 2021 | 50.7 |
Population density |
inhab. per km2 | 2021 | 139 |
Population aged under 15 years |
% of total population | 2021 | 15.8 |
Population aged 65 years and older |
% of total population | 2021 | 20.4 |
Fertility rate, total |
births per woman | 2020 | 1.71 |
Life expectancy at birth - men |
years | 2020 | 75.3 |
Life expectancy at birth - women |
years | 2020 | 81.3 |
Density of physicians |
per 10,000 inhab. | 2020 | 42 |
Hospital beds |
per 10,000 inhab. | 2018 | 66 |
Infant mortality rate |
per 1,000 life births | 2020 | 2 |
Pupil-teacher ratio (primary) |
number | 2013 | 19 |
Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary) |
number | 2013 | 12 |
Student enrollment, tertiary |
per 100,000 inhab. | 2018 | 3,095 |
Public expenditure on education |
% of GDP | 2018 | 4.3 |
Labour force participation rate |
% | 2021 | 59.7 |
Labour force |
1,000 | 2021 | 5,388 |
Self-employed persons |
% | 2021 | 15.9 |
Unemployment rate |
% | 2021 | 2.9 |
Youth unemployment rate |
% | 2021 | 7.6 |
Long-term unemployment rate |
% of unemployed persons | 2021 | 27.5 |
Labour costs, manufacturing |
US$ per hour | 2021 | 17.63 |
GNI per capita, Atlas method |
US$ | 2021 | 24,070 |
Household consumption exp. on food |
% of total consumption expenditure | 2019 | 16.04 |
Household consumption exp. on housing |
% of total consumption expenditure | 2019 | 27.27 |
Industrial production - Manufacturing index |
2010 = 100 | 2020 | 129.4 |
Industrial production index, manufacturing industry |
2010 = 100 | 2020 | 120.8 |
Agricultural land |
% of land area | 2019 | 45.6 |
Arable land and permanent crops |
% of land area | 2019 | 32.8 |
Agricultural area organic |
% of agricultural area | 2019 | 15.4 |
Forest area |
% of land area | 2019 | 34.7 |
Import of goods, total |
bn US$ | 2021 | 211.8 |
Export of goods, total |
bn US$ | 2021 | 227.2 |
Import of goods from Germany |
mn US$ | 2021 | 47,463.1 |
Export of goods to Germany |
mn US$ | 2021 | 73,640.9 |
Exports of goods and services |
% of GDP | 2021 | 72.6 |
Road traffic deaths |
per 100,000 inhab. | 2019 | 6 |
Pump price for gasoline (petrol) |
US$ per litre | 2016 | 1.17 |
Rail route length |
km | 2019 | 9,396 |
Primary energy use |
kg oe per capita | 2015 | 3,860 |
CO2 emissions |
metric t per capita | 2020 | 8.66 |
Resident patent applications |
per mn inhab. | 2020 | 82 |
Research and development expenditure |
% of GDP | 2018 | 1.9 |
Researchers |
per million inhabitants | 2018 | 3,863 |
Telephone lines |
per 100 inhab. | 2020 | 12.3 |
Mobile cellular subscriptions |
per 100 inhab. | 2020 | 121.4 |
Internet users |
per 100 inhab. | 2020 | 81.3 |
Fixed broadband internet subscribers |
per 100 inhab. | 2020 | 35.5 |
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions |
per 100 inhab. | 2020 | 94.4 |