Press release No. 474 of 13 December 2024
Exports (calendar and seasonally adjusted exports of goods), October 2024
124.6 billion euros
-2.8% on the previous month
-2.8% on the same month a year earlier
Imports (calendar and seasonally adjusted imports of goods), October 2024
111.2 billion euros
-0.1% on the previous month
+1.7% on the same month a year earlier
Foreign trade balance (calendar and seasonally adjusted), October 2024
+13.4 billion euros
WIESBADEN – In October 2024, German exports were down 2.8% and imports dropped 0.1% on a calendar and seasonally adjusted basis compared with September 2024. Based on provisional data, the Federal Statistical Office (Destatis) further reports that exports also decreased by 2.8% from October 2023 while imports rose by 1.7%.
After calendar and seasonal adjustment, Germany exported goods to the total value of 124.6 billion euros and imported goods to the value of 111.2 billion euros in October 2024. The foreign trade balance showed a surplus of 13.4 billion euros in October 2024. The calendar and seasonally adjusted surplus stood at 16.9 billion euros in September 2024 and 18.9 billion euros in October 2023.
Trade with EU countries
On a calendar and seasonally adjusted basis, Germany exported goods to the value of 68.9 billion euros to the Member States of the European Union (EU) in October 2024, while it imported goods to the value of 57.9 billion euros from these countries in the same period. Compared with September 2024, calendar and seasonally adjusted exports to the EU countries dropped by 0.7%, while imports from these countries rose by 0.4%. The value of the goods exported to euro area countries in October 2024 totalled 47.8 billion euros (-0.7%), and the value of the goods imported from these countries was 38.0 billion euros (-0.0%). In October 2024, goods to the value of 21.1 billion euros (-0.9%) were exported to EU countries not belonging to the euro area, while the value of the goods imported from these countries was 19.9 billion euros (+1.1%), on a calendar and seasonally adjusted basis.
Trade with non-EU countries
Exports of goods to countries outside the EU (third countries) amounted to 55.7 billion euros in October 2024, while imports from these countries totalled 53.3 billion euros, on a calendar and seasonally adjusted basis. Compared with September 2024, exports to third countries declined by 5.3% and imports from third countries fell by 0.6%.
Most German exports in October 2024 went to the United States. After seasonal and calendar adjustment, exports of goods to the United States were down 14.2% compared with September 2024, with the value of exports to the United States dropping to 12.2 billion euros. Exports to the People's Republic of China decreased by 3.8% to 6.9 billion euros and exports to the United Kingdom rose by 2.1% to 6.5 billion euros.
Most imports in October 2024 came from the People's Republic of China. Goods to the value of 13.7 billion euros were imported from there, which represented a 3.0% decrease compared with the previous month, after calendar and seasonal adjustment. Imports from the United States decreased by 3.9% to 7.4 billion euros. Imports from the United Kingdom increased by 1.4% to 3.0 billion euros during the same period.
After seasonal and calendar adjustment, exports to the Russian Federation decreased by 9.4% to 0.6 billion euros in October 2024 from September 2024. Compared with October 2023, when exports to Russia were already at a very low level as a result of the Russian attack on Ukraine, they were down 1.4%. Imports from Russia increased by 27.4% to 0.2 billion euros in October 2024 from September 2024, and were down 21.9% compared with October 2023.
Original foreign trade values (not adjusted for calendar or seasonal effects)
Germany exported goods to the value of 132.6 billion euros and imported goods to the value of 117.9 billion euros on a nominal basis (not adjusted for calendar or seasonal effects) in October 2024. Compared with October 2023, exports in October 2024 increased by 0.4% and imports rose by 4.3%. The unadjusted foreign trade balance showed a surplus of 14.7 billion euros in October 2024. In October 2023, the surplus was 19.0 billion euros.
Methodological notes:
The differing comparative periods must be taken into account in all press releases on short-term indicators. Short-term economic monitoring focuses on comparisons of seasonally and calendar adjusted figures with those of the previous month or quarter. These reflect short-term economic trends. Year-on-year comparisons of calendar adjusted results enable long-term comparisons of levels and are not influenced by seasonal fluctuations or calendar effects. The results of month-on-month, quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year comparisons may differ considerably due to the Covid-19 crisis and the war in Ukraine.
Detailed explanations on calendar and seasonal adjustment are included in the "Saisonbereinigung im Außenhandel" methodological paper (only in German). Calendar and seasonally adjusted values are always notional calculated values. For this reason, a comparison between adjusted series and unadjusted (nominal) series would serve little purpose.
The results in this press release are provisional data from monthly foreign trade statistics. As detailed results are not available this early, it is not possible to provide information on the reasons for changes in foreign trade as a whole or in trade with individual countries or groups of countries.
| Item | October 2024 | January to October 2024 | Percentage change from | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2024 | January to October 2023 | |||
| billion euros | % | |||
| Total exports | 124.6 | 1,300.4 | -2.8 | -1.2 |
| including: | ||||
| EU Member States | 68.9 | 707.3 | -0.7 | -1.6 |
| Euro area | 47.8 | 492.5 | -0.7 | -2.4 |
| Non-euro area | 21.1 | 214.9 | -0.9 | 0.5 |
| Third countries | 55.7 | 593.0 | -5.3 | -0.8 |
| including: | ||||
| Russian Federation | 0.6 | 6.3 | -9.4 | -17.1 |
| Total imports | 111.2 | 1,100.0 | -0.1 | -3.6 |
| including: | ||||
| EU Member States | 57.9 | 576.9 | 0.4 | -3.5 |
| Euro area | 38.0 | 381.9 | 0.0 | -4.2 |
| Non-euro area | 19.9 | 195.0 | 1.1 | -2.2 |
| Third countries | 53.3 | 523.1 | -0.6 | -3.6 |
| including: | ||||
| Russian Federation | 0.2 | 1.6 | 27.4 | -51.8 |
| Year | Month | Exports | Imports | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| calendar and seasonally adjusted value | original value | calendar and seasonally adjusted value | original value | ||||||
| value in billion euros | change on previous month, % | value in billion euros | change on the same month of the previous year, % | value in billion euros | change on previous month, % | value in billion euros | change on the same month of the previous year, % | ||
| 2023 | January | 133.0 | 0.6 | 127.7 | 13.6 | 117.7 | -0.7 | 117.0 | 9.0 |
| February | 137.2 | 3.2 | 134.1 | 6.6 | 120.7 | 2.5 | 116.3 | 2.8 | |
| March | 131.0 | -4.5 | 148.3 | 5.3 | 113.8 | -5.7 | 124.1 | -5.5 | |
| April | 131.7 | 0.5 | 123.6 | -1.2 | 114.3 | 0.4 | 109.3 | -11.2 | |
| May | 131.8 | 0.1 | 132.4 | -3.2 | 116.8 | 2.2 | 118.2 | -10.5 | |
| June | 133.2 | 1.1 | 140.4 | 1.6 | 114.1 | -2.3 | 117.8 | -9.1 | |
| July | 130.9 | -1.7 | 127.0 | -2.0 | 112.0 | -1.9 | 108.4 | -12.6 | |
| August | 130.7 | -0.1 | 124.6 | -4.6 | 112.5 | 0.4 | 108.2 | -16.6 | |
| September | 128.4 | -1.7 | 130.5 | -9.6 | 109.8 | -2.4 | 110.2 | -18.5 | |
| October | 128.2 | -0.2 | 132.1 | -4.0 | 109.3 | -0.5 | 113.1 | -14.1 | |
| November | 131.9 | 2.9 | 140.5 | -4.0 | 110.8 | 1.4 | 117.1 | -12.2 | |
| December | 127.5 | -3.3 | 114.2 | -9.8 | 105.1 | -5.2 | 97.1 | -15.6 | |
2024 | January | 133.0 | 4.3 | 129.4 | 1.4 | 108.1 | 2.9 | 108.3 | -7.4 |
| February | 131.2 | -1.4 | 132.6 | -1.1 | 110.2 | 1.9 | 108.8 | -6.5 | |
| March | 132.4 | 0.9 | 135.7 | -8.5 | 111.3 | 1.0 | 112.9 | -9.0 | |
| April | 133.9 | 1.1 | 138.8 | 12.3 | 112.7 | 1.2 | 115.9 | 6.1 | |
| May | 130.4 | -2.6 | 128.0 | -3.3 | 106.9 | -5.1 | 106.4 | -10.0 | |
| June | 127.2 | -2.5 | 128.4 | -8.5 | 107.3 | 0.3 | 107.2 | -9.0 | |
| July | 128.9 | 1.4 | 133.6 | 5.2 | 112.0 | 4.4 | 113.9 | 5.0 | |
| August | 130.6 | 1.3 | 120.5 | -3.3 | 109.1 | -2.5 | 102.5 | -5.2 | |
| September | 128.2 | -1.8 | 130.1 | -0.3 | 111.3 | 2.0 | 111.6 | 1.3 | |
| October | 124.6 | -2.8 | 132.6 | 0.4 | 111.2 | -0.1 | 117.9 | 4.3 | |
More information:
More calendar and seasonally adjusted results of foreign trade statistics are available in the GENESIS-Online database (Tables 51000-0020 and 51000-0021). First detailed provisional results on a nominal basis by country of origin/country of destination and by chapter of the Commodity Classification for Foreign Trade Statistics are available for download. Full detailed results for reference month October 2024 will be provided in GENESIS-Online (Tables 51000) as of 18 December 2024.
Foreign trade results are also available on Dashboard Germany at www.dashboard-deutschland.de (only in German). In this data portal, the Federal Statistical Office brings together up-to-date indicators from official statistics producers and other data providers on the topics of the labour market, construction, housing, energy and Ukraine. The portal also contains the Economic Pulse Monitor (Pulsmesser für die Wirtschaft) (only in German) tool for real-time economic monitoring.
Important information regarding the GENESIS-Online database:
After leaving the beta phase, our database's new user interface has been available as the main interface version since 5 November 2024. The new interface offers faster data retrieval and intuitive table search and customisation options. There have also been changes to the structure of the machine-readable flat file (CSV) format and the data output format for table downloads. For further details and other important information on the release, please see the info page of the new GENESIS-Online database. The old interface will be available in particular for large tables until the end of 2024.
